I-Fiber optic media yiyo nayiphi na imidiya yothumelo lwenethiwekhi esetyenziswa ngokubanzi iglasi, okanye ifayibha yeplastiki kwezinye iimeko ezikhethekileyo, ukuhambisa idatha yenethiwekhi ngendlela yeepulses ezikhanyayo.Kwiminyaka elishumi edlulileyo, i-fiber optical iye yaba luhlobo oluxhaphakileyo lwemithombo yeendaba yothumelo lwenethiwekhi njengoko imfuno ye-bandwidth ephezulu kunye ne-spans emide iqhubeka.
Itekhnoloji yeFiber optic yahlukile ekusebenzeni kwayo kunemithombo yeendaba yobhedu eqhelekileyo kuba ukuhanjiswa ziipulses zokukhanya "zedijithali" endaweni yokutshintsha kwamandla ombane.Ngokulula kakhulu, ukuhanjiswa kwefiber optic khowudi kunye no-zero wothumelo lwenethiwekhi yedijithali ngokuvula kunye nokucima ii-pulses zokukhanya komthombo wokukhanya we-laser, wobude obunikiweyo, kumaza aphezulu kakhulu.Umthombo wokukhanya udla ngokuba yi-laser okanye uhlobo oluthile lwe-Light-Emitting Diode (LED).Ukukhanya okuvela kumthombo wokukhanya kudanyazwe kwaye kucinywe kwipatheni yedatha ekhowudwayo.Ukukhanya kuhamba ngaphakathi kwifayibha de umqondiso wokukhanya ufike kwindawo ekujoliswe kuyo kwaye ufundwe sisixhobo sokubona ukukhanya.
Iintambo zeFiber optic zilungiselelwa ubude obunye okanye ngaphezulu kokukhanya.Ubude bokukhanya komthombo othile wokukhanya bubude, obulinganiswa ngeenanometers (iibhiliyoni zemitha, isifinyezo “nm”), phakathi kweencopho zamaza kumaza okukhanya aqhelekileyo asuka kuloo mthombo wokukhanya.Unokucinga nge-wavelength njengombala wokukhanya, kwaye ilingana nesantya sokukhanya esahlulwe ngamaza.Kwimeko yeFayibha yeNdlela eNye (i-SMF), amaza amaninzi ahlukeneyo okukhanya anokuhanjiswa phezu kwefayibha ye-optical efanayo nangaliphi na ixesha.Oku kuluncedo ekwandiseni umthamo wothumelo lwentambo yefiber optic kuba ubude bendawo yokukhanya buphawu olwahlukileyo.Ke ngoko, imiqondiso emininzi inokuthwalwa ngaphezulu komtya ofanayo wefiber optical.Oku kufuna iilaser ezininzi kunye nee-detectors kwaye zibizwa ngokuba yi-Wavelength-Division Multiplexing (WDM).
Ngokuqhelekileyo, iifiber zamehlo zisebenzisa i-wavelengths phakathi kwe-850 kunye ne-1550 nm, kuxhomekeke kumthombo wokukhanya.Ngokukodwa, i-Multi-Mode Fiber (MMF) isetyenziswe kwi-850 okanye i-1300 nm kwaye i-SMF isetyenziswa ngokuqhelekileyo kwi-1310, 1490, kunye ne-1550 nm (kwaye, kwiinkqubo ze-WDM, kwi-wavelengths ejikeleze la maza aphambili).Itekhnoloji yamva nje yongeza oku ukuya kwi-1625 nm ye-SMF esetyenziselwa isizukulwana esilandelayo iPassive Optical Networks (PON) ye-FTTH (iFiber-To-The-Home) izicelo.Iglasi esekelwe kwi-silica ibonakala ngokucacileyo kula maza amaza, kwaye ngoko ke ukuhanjiswa kusebenza kakuhle (kukho ukuthotywa okuncinci kwesignali) kolu luhlu.Ukufumana ireferensi, ukukhanya okubonakalayo (ukukhanya okubonayo) kunobude obuphakathi kwe-400 kunye ne-700 nm.Uninzi lwemithombo yokukhanya yefiber optic isebenza ngaphakathi kuluhlu olusondeleyo lwe-infrared (phakathi kwe-750 kunye ne-2500 nm).Awukwazi ukubona ukukhanya kwe-infrared, kodwa ngumthombo wokukhanya osebenzayo kakhulu we-fiber optic.
I-Multimode fiber idla ngokuba yi-50/125 kunye ne-62.5/125 ekwakhiweni.Oku kuthetha ukuba i-core to cladding diameter ratio yi-50 microns ukuya kwi-125 microns kunye ne-62.5 microns ukuya kwi-125 microns.Kukho iintlobo ezininzi ze-multimode fiber patch cable ekhoyo namhlanje, ezona zixhaphakileyo yi-multimode sc patch cable fiber, LC, ST, FC, ect.
Iingcebiso: Uninzi lwemithombo yokukhanya yefiber optic yemveli inokusebenza kuphela ngaphakathi kobubanzi obubonakalayo be-wavelength nangaphezulu koluhlu lwamaza obude, hayi kubude obuthile obuthile.I-Lasers (ukukhulisa ukukhanya ngokukhutshwa okuvuselelweyo kwemitha) kunye nee-LED zivelisa ukukhanya kwi-spectrum elinganiselwe ngakumbi, nokuba yi-single-wavelength.
ISILUMKISO: Imithombo yokukhanya yeLaser esetyenziswa ngeentambo zefiber optic (ezifana neentambo ze-OM3) ziyingozi kakhulu kumbono wakho.Ukujonga ngokuthe ngqo ekupheleni kwe-fiber optical ephilayo kunokubangela umonakalo omkhulu kwi-retinas yakho.Unokwenziwa ube yimfama ngokusisigxina.Ungaze ujonge isiphelo sentambo yefiber optic ngaphandle kokwazi kuqala ukuba akukho mthombo wokukhanya osebenzayo.
Ukuncitshiswa kwee-fibers optical (zombini i-SMF kunye ne-MMF) iphantsi kwi-wavelengths ende.Ngenxa yoko, unxibelelwano lomgama omde lukholisa ukwenzeka kwi-1310 kunye ne-1550 nm wavelengths ngaphezulu kwe-SMF.Iifiber eziqhelekileyo ezibonakalayo zine-attenuation enkulu kwi-1385 nm.Le ncopho yamanzi isiphumo samanani amancinci kakhulu (kwinxalenye-kwisigidi ngasinye soluhlu) lwamanzi adityaniswe ngexesha lenkqubo yokuvelisa.Ngokukodwa yi-terminal -OH(hydroxyl) molekyuli eyenzeka ibenophawu lwayo lokungcangcazela kwi-1385 nm wavelength;ngokwenza igalelo ekuthotyweni okuphezulu kobu bubudenge.Ngokwembali, iinkqubo zonxibelelwano bezisebenza macala omabini ale ncopho.
Xa ii-pulses zokukhanya zifikelela kwindawo ekuyiwa kuyo, inzwa ithatha ubukho okanye ukungabikho komqondiso wokukhanya kwaye iguqule i-pulses yokukhanya ibuyele kwiimpawu zombane.Okukhona umqondiso wokukhanya usasaza okanye ujongana nemida, kokukhona amathuba okuba ulahlekelwe ngumqondiso (ukunciphisa).Ukongeza, sonke isinxibelelanisi se-fiber optic phakathi komthombo wesiginali kunye nendawo ekusingwa kuyo sibonisa ithuba lokulahleka komqondiso.Ngaloo ndlela, izihlanganisi kufuneka zifakwe ngokuchanekileyo kuqhagamshelwano ngalunye.Kukho iintlobo ezininzi ze-fiber optic connectors ezikhoyo namhlanje.Ezona zixhaphakileyo zezi: ST, SC, FC, MT-RJ kunye nezixhumi zesimbo seLC.Zonke ezi ntlobo zeziqhagamshelo zingasetyenziswa nokuba yi-multimode okanye i-fiber yemo enye.
Uninzi lweenkqubo ze-LAN/WAN zokuhanjiswa kwefayibha zisebenzisa ifayibha enye yokuhambisa kunye nenye yolwamkelo.Nangona kunjalo, itekhnoloji yamva nje ivumela i-fiber optic transmitter ukuba idlulise kumacala amabini ngaphezulu komtya wefiber efanayo (umz.,i-cwdm muxusebenzisa iteknoloji yeWDM).Ubude bamaza ohlukeneyo bokukhanya abuphazamisani omnye nomnye kuba ii-detectors zilungelelaniswe ukuze zifunde ubude bamaza obuthile.Ke ngoko, okukhona uthumela amaza ngaphezulu kumcu omnye wefiber optical, kokukhona ufuna i-detectors.
Ixesha lokuposa: Sep-03-2021